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Society and Culture Development in India

Society and Culture Development in India

Frequency :Bi-Annual

ISSN :2583-0694

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Table of Content :-Society and Culture Development in India, Vol:2, Issue:2, Year:2022

Contents and Editorial Note

BY :   Rashmi Pramanik
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.i-v
| Publication:23 December 2022

The Role of Weekly Market among the Paudibhuyans of Keonjhar District Odisha

BY :   Abhishek Bhowmick
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.239-246
Received:17 July 2022 | Revised:20 August 2022 | Accepted :29 August 2022 | Publication:23 December 2022
Doi No.:https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.01

The present article is on the role of weekly market among the Paudi Bhuyans of Keonjhar district of Odisha. The need to exchange goods and services is the fundamental function of any society. The exchange of services and goods can be traced from prehistoric times. The market plays the most essential role to sustain the community growth and functionality. The market not only provides the exchange of essential commodities but also an opportunity to produce various artistic manifestations which are marketable and unique to the community. The present study focuses on the organisational pattern of the weekly markets where all the shops were studied to understand the items sold, to understand the market operations which were done to exchange the goods or services, to understand the impact of weekly markets on the tribal economy and the effects of products that were being sold in the market. On the basis of this study, certain measures or approaches like government intervention, proper management of the products under sale or being put on sale, will help in an effective and efficient marketing system in the tribal areas.

Keywords: Weekly market, Tribal Economics, Marketing, Globalisation.

Bhowmick, A. (2022). The Role of Weekly Market among the Paudibhuyans of Keonjhar District Odisha, Society and Culture Development in India, 2: 2, pp. 239-246. https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.01

Contextual Determinants of Fertility Transitions among Black South African Women: A Multi-Level Analysis

BY :   Ahuejere Leonard & Ishmael Kalule-Sabiti
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.247-271
Received:19 July 2022 | Revised:24 August 2022 | Accepted :30 August 2022 | Publication:23 December 2022
Doi No.:https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.02

Fertility declines (transitions) and their contextual determinants are concerns to the government and other stakeholders in South Africa. These are so, especially among the Black South African women of childbearing age. The South African Demographic Health Survey (SADHS) 2016 data was used to examine the role of three hierarchical layers of variables (individual, household and community level characteristics) in determining fertility transitions among Black South African women of childbearing age. Based on the Social-Ecological (SEM) and the Easterlin’s micro-economic models, the chi-squared test and multilevel logistic regression were performed at the bi-variate and multivariate levels of analysis. The multilevel logistic regression was performed using the generalised linear and latent mixed model (GLLAMM) to obtain fixed and random effects. Findings suggest that close to half (48.1%) of these women had low fertility levels (1-2 children) in South Africa. Those in rural areas had a higher fertility level (4 plus children), compared to those in urban areas. Factors such as mother’s age, employment and wealth status, owning a house with water and electricity, access and distance to health facilities and workers, etc., were strongly associated (significant) at different hierarchical model levels (p<0.05). Results of random effect revealed a non-existance (0.00%) of variations in their log odds of predicting fertility transitions across the communities (clusters/layers). The study recommends that these findings be considered in all programme and policy developments around the issue in South Africa.

???????Keywords: Fertility transitions, multilevel regression, association, contextual, Black South African, hierarchical layers


Leonard, A., & Sabiti, I.K. (2022). Contextual Determinants of Fertility Transitions among Black South African Women: A Multi-Level Analysis, Society and Culture Development in India, 2: 2, pp. 247-271. https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.02

Impact of Mass Media on Rural Women: A Study of Shimla District

BY :   Ashwani Kumar & Parul Lahaik
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.273-289
Received:17 August 2022 | Revised:19 September 2022 | Accepted :09 October 2022 | Publication:23 December 2022
Doi No.:https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.03

Media is considered as the fourth estate of democracy. It has become an essential part of our lives and serves in various forms like television, radio, books, magazines, newspapers, mobile phones, internet, etc. These different forms of media help to educate, inform and entertain our society. Mass media has been affecting the social lives of rural women. It plays a vital role in changing the personality of rural women as it influences their thinking and understanding level, thus, widening their mental horizons. The primary role of mass media is to inform and educate rural women. It also recognises the problems of rural women which they confront in their daily life. The present paper has made an effort to know the impact of mass media on rural women. In this paper, an attempt has been made to know the level of media exposure of rural women of Jubbal-Kotkhai Block of Shimla district and to understand how mass media is bringing the changes in their socio-cultural life.

Keywords: Mass Media, Rural Women, Media Exposure, Women Empowerment

Kumar, A., & Lahaik, P. (2022). Impact of Mass Media on Rural Women: A Study of Shimla District, Society and Culture Development in India, 2: 2, pp. 273-289. https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.03

Social Media Response in Disaster Management with Special Reference to the Kerala Floods

BY :   Jan Elizabeth Joseph
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.291-303
Received:19 August 2022 | Revised:22 September 2022 | Accepted :13 October 2022 | Publication:23 December 2022
Doi No.:https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.04

A disaster can be any occurrence that can cause damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health services on a scale, sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community area (WHO). A disaster can be defined as an occurrence either natural or manmade that causes human suffering and creates human needs that victims cannot alleviate without assistance (American Red Cross ARC). Disaster has been classified into natural disasters such as flood, earthquake, cyclones, tsunami, drought, landslides, pest attacks, forest fires, avalanches, etc., and man-made and human induced such as technological, industrial accidents, etc. Recently Kerala has been susceptive to natural disasters due to the diverse changes in its ecology. Kerala witnessed consecutive floods in the year 2018 and 2019. During both these calamities social media played an important role in advocating the means of rescue and relief by effective resource management and consolidation of relief efforts; the victims of the flood utilised social media to seek help whereas the government and unaffected citizens utilised social media to mobilise rescue, camps and collection centre for people to donate to the affected. This study will look into the use of social media in disaster management with special reference to the Kerala floods. The different forms of involvement of social media in the event of this disaster, in terms of disaster preparation and response, will be analysed from the perspective of the government and the citizens. The focus of this paper is on the role of social media in the Kerala floods and how it served as a tool in disaster management.

Keywords: Disaster Management, Social Media, Kerala Flood

Joseph, J.E. (2022). Social Media Response in Disaster Management with Special Reference to the Kerala Floods, Society and Culture Development in India, 2: 2, pp. 291-303. https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.04

Understanding The Impact of Web 2.0 and Social Media on English Language Learning and Teaching: A Systematic Literature Review

BY :   Minhaz Uddin, Saifullah Saif & Sidratul Montaha
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.305-317
Received:21 August 2022 | Revised:30 September 2022 | Accepted :23 October 2022 | Publication:23 December 2022
Doi No.:https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.05

This study aims to analyse the significance of Web 2.0 and Social Media in terms of English language learning and teaching. A structural literature based analysis has been conducted to interpret the objectives. Social media has a significant contribution in English language learning as well as teaching. Advanced technology makes sure that social media tools are available all over the world. Learning English is an indicator of quality improvement in the least developed countries and developing countries. Developed countries are also viable to increase the proficiency of English language. Practicing English in social media is popular among the younger generation via inside or outside of the classroom. This investigation contributes to summing up a review of the contribution as well as consequences of social media in teaching learning strategy, which is able to increase the value in existing research.

Keywords: Social Science, English Language, Learning, Teaching, Social Media

Uddin, M., Saif, S., & Montaha, S. (2022). Understanding the Impact of Web 2.0 and Social Media on English Language Learning and Teaching: A Systematic Literature Review, Society and Culture Development in India, 2: 2, pp. 305-317. https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.05

Urban Welfare Reforms in Asia: A Sociological Appraisal

BY :   Mohammad Taghi Sheykhi
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.319-328
Received:11 October 2022 | Revised:10 November 2022 | Accepted :15 November 2022 | Publication:23 December 2022
Doi No.:https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.06

Asia comprising of different cultures, norms and values is rapidly changing due to adoption of new welfare reforms. Such a change is highly seen in urban settings. Larger cities are more involved with new welfare patterns. Many cities are exploding with the appearance of new lifestyles. Urbanisation, modernisation and industrialisation, the main three factors causing urban welfare reforms in Asia are on the increase. Many large urban centers are receiving an increasing number of migrants simply to access more welfare in the new areas. Many cities including Bombay, Delhi, Calcutta, Tehran, Tokyo, Istanbul, Bangkok and many more are the apparent examples of the issue. Such a flow of migrants to cities creates an increasing number of vulnerabilities in the congested cities. The overcrowded cities need to put into practice new urban reforms to be able to respond to the needs of the newly-arrived migrants. It is worth noting the social satisfaction of the rural people reaching the new places.

Keywords: Welfare in Asia, Social welfare in China, Norms and values, Sociology

Sheykhi, M.T. (2022). Urban Welfare Reforms in Asia: A Sociological Appraisal, Society and Culture Development in India, 2: 2, pp. 319-328. https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.06

Understanding Caste in Uttar Pradesh Politics

BY :   Neha Yadav
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.329-338
Received:14 October 2022 | Revised:15 November 2022 | Accepted :19 November 2022 | Publication:23 December 2022
Doi No.:https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.07

Caste has always been important in Indian society from ancient times. Its impact can be traced in all aspects of society such as- cultural, economic, social and political. In this research paper, the role of caste in Uttar Pradesh politics is being analysed. It is said that Uttar Pradesh is the political king maker in Indian politics, so caste is the king in Uttar Pradesh. This shows the importance of caste in politics. Many political parties have been formed on the basis of caste based ideology and vote bank. The dynamics of caste and politics is quite visible. Upper castes, untouchables and several dominant castes of the state are important from a political point of view. Here is an attempt to understand this equation from pre-independence to after independence and so far, how politicians have used caste to gain legitimate power to rule.

Keywords: Caste, Politics, Dominant Caste, Vote Bank

Yadav, N. (2022). Understanding Caste in Uttar Pradesh Politics, Society and Culture Development in India, 2: 2, pp. 329-338. https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.07

Practicing Child Birth Rituals: Reproducing Motherhood and Patriarchy

BY :   Rukmani Sharma
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.339-353
Received:24 October 2022 | Revised:20 November 2022 | Accepted :05 December 2022 | Publication:23 December 2022
Doi No.:https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.08

This paper seeks to investigate the birth rituals described in Hindu scriptures and the indigenous birth rituals performed by the Bengali community in order to comprehend the implicit value system they embody. The rituals’ ingrained value system is viewed primarily in two categories- first, the conditioning of women for motherhood through birth rituals and, second, the extent to which these rituals sustain patriarchy. This socialisation through birth rites contributes to a woman’s social and self-identification as a mother. To analyse these processes, attempts are undertaken to examine birth rites in the social life of Bengali folk culture and in Hindu scripture sources. This study will concentrate solely on Hindu birth rites found in scriptural texts and folk birth rituals performed by Hindus. A field study was also conducted in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of traditional ceremonies.
???????Keywords: Birth Rituals, Socialisation, Social Change, Motherhood, Patriarchy


Sharma, R. (2022). Practicing Child Birth Rituals: Reproducing Mortherhood and Patriarchy, Society and Culture Development in India, 2: 2, pp. 339-353. https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.08

Durga Puja in Kolkata: A Cultural Diaspora of Celebration

BY :   Sukanya Saha
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.355-373
Received:28 October 2022 | Revised:26 November 2022 | Accepted :09 December 2022 | Publication:23 December 2022
Doi No.:https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.09

Kolkata is one of the most popular cities in the world when it comes to celebrating life. And Durga Puja is not just the emotion of the Bengali community; rather it is a larger than life experience for whoever attends it. UNESCO has also accredited Kolkata Durga Puja as the ‘Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Community’. In this paper, I have tried to cover some of the aspects of Durga Puja. First a brief introduction has been given on Durga Puja in Kolkata followed by the basic and detailed identification and description of the Goddess and the process, mentioning the intrinsic repertoires for the celebration. In the further sections I have tried to mention some explanations of certain ceremonial rituals performed on different days of the festival. A brief discussion on the changing pattern of the celebration is also added with a chronology of recorded Durga Puja events. Furthermore there is also a section about the latest attraction of the festival- the Carnival. In my paper, I have also mentioned about the local artisans who are behind every aspect of this festive season. Lastly, I have concluded by mentioning how this festival is no less than a cultural confluence of every community.

Keywords: Durga Puja, Kolkata, festivity, rituals, Cultural confluence

Sharma, R. (2022). Practicing Child Birth Rituals: Reproducing Mortherhood and Patriarchy, Society and Culture Development in India, 2: 2, pp. 355-373. https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.09

Levels of Social Exclusion and Variations in Exclusion and Inclusion Practices Among Castes and Tribes of Andhra Pradesh: An Empirical Research Study

BY :   V. Subramanyam
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.375-385
Received:30 October 2022 | Revised:29 November 2022 | Accepted :19 December 2022 | Publication:23 December 2022
Doi No.:https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.10

In rural India levels of social exclusion and inclusion vary from one social group to another social group and also from one ethnic group to another based on the ecological, geographical, social, cultural and economic factors. An individual or groups of individuals in any excluded social group or ethnic group invariably encounter the problem of exclusion in daily life. Moreover it is contextual and situational intertwined with the geographically culturally inbuilt mechanism. The forms of exclusion also differ from one ethnic group to another living in different social environments, geographical and economic conditions. This empirical research work paper presents the levels of social exclusion, mechanism, forms and variations in between the stratified caste society and egalitarian tribal society. The level of social exclusion at each excluded social group definitely correlates and corresponds with the development status of it in the caste based society of India, in specific to Rural India, Rural Andhra Pradesh. The empirical field work based observations in three multi caste villages of Manduru, Morampudi and Vedullapalle as well as in three multi tribal villages of Pasuvulabanda, Kolapari and Lammasingi, located in the newly carved Andhra Pradesh state have been presented in this research article. It is descriptive in nature and comprises Anthropological qualitative explanations with both etic and emic perspectives.
???????Keywords: Social Exclusion, Inclusion, Castes, Tribes, Cultural Variation


Subramanyam, V. (2022). Levels of Social Exclusion and Variations in Exclusion and Inclusion Practices among Castes and Tribes of Andhra Pradesh: An Empirical Research Study, Society and Culture Development in India, 2: 2, pp. 375-385. https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.10

Factors Affecting Selection of Marketing Channel for Vegetable Farmers in Sundargarh, Distirct

BY :   Sumant Kerketta & D.K. Mahalik
Society and Culture Development in India, Year:2022, Vol.2 (2), PP.387-397
Received:25 November 2022 | Revised:12 December 2022 | Accepted :16 December 2022 | Publication:23 December 2022
Doi No.:https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.11

India is the world’s largest producer of many vegetables, whereas Odisha ranks fourth in terms of production of vegetables. Sundergarh district in Odisha plays an important role for the vegetable growers and also for the consumers, so that the farmers could be benefited on one hand and on the other hand the consumers could fetch fresh vegetables in proper price. The study was carried out to find different factors affecting the selection of marketing channels for the tribals growing vegetables in Sundargarh District of Odisha. Tribal vegetable growers residing in 16 blocks of this district were undertaken for the study. Factor analysis technique was adopted to identify significant factors and their impact on the selection of marketing channels by tribal farmers of Sundargarh District. Three hundred and four samples were collected from seventeen blocks of Sundargarh through simple random sampling. Eleven factors were taken for observation based on literature review. Factor analysis was carried out on IBM SPSS Version 22. The analysis figures out a four factor solution and suggests four factors to be of the highest importance in selecting marketing channels by the tribal vegetable producer in the district of Sundargarh; namely; Time, Perishability, Quantity of Production, Types of Vegetable Produced & Knowledge of other Markets.

Keywords: Gaddiwala, Tribal Farmers, Kuchni, Eigen Value


Kerketta, S., & Mahalik, D.K. (2022). Factors Affecting Selection of Marketing Channel for Vegetable Farmers in Sundargarh, District, Society and Culture Development in India, 2: 2, pp. 387-397. https://doi.org/10.47509/SCDI.2022.v02i02.11

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