Obesity is a major contributing factor to several non-communicable diseases (NCDs) constituting a persistent driver of morbidity and mortality. The present study was carried out to understand the prevalence and distribution of general and abdominal obesity, and to evaluate its association with socio-economic and behavioural factors in Palwal district, Haryana, India. A cross-sectional study of 180 participants aged 30 to 80 years, was selected from Palwal, Haryana, India. A comprehensive house-to-house survey collected socio-economic characteristics, behavioural habits, and anthropometric measurements (height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference). The prevalence of general obesity in the present study was 53.9%, and abdominal obesity was 71.1%, 92.2%, and 81.1% in WC, WHR, and WHtR, respectively. Sex was an important risk factor
for high BMI and WC, where females showed significantly higher odds compared to males but confounded by smoking. Females showed a higher risk of high WHR even after controlling for confounding variables.

It is estimated that at least 300 million episodes of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) occur in India every year (Vijayan et al., 2019). Childhood ARI is thus an important public health problem in India and a multiple of social and environmental factors are linked with ARI morbidity and mortality. In my study area, the first case of ARI was detected on 03.08.2022 from Samurou. Maximum number of cases was found among the
children age < 5 years. It tries to investigate an outbreak of ARI in Imphal West district. The researcher interviewed cases who met the case definition. Data were analyzed in Microsoft Excel. It used multiple passive surveillance by performing a medical record review among health facilities in Wangoi Block. Total cases of ARI in Wangoi Block between Aug-Oct 2022 are 90 in number. Among the cases, 100% reported of fever and cough and 17% fatigue and tiredness, 12% sore throat and 23 % nasal congestion. The median age of all cases was 7 years (range: 1-87 years). Among all the cases, 53 % was males.

This study examines the Konyak Naga group in Mon district, Nagaland, India, and its complex marital traditions, and attempts to combine modernity and traditional preservation. The research compares monogamous Tamkoang village marriages to polygynous Chi village marriages under the Ahngship system in Northern and Southern Konyak. The study demonstrates how geographical and socio-political variables have
created these marriage customs, as well as how they strengthen communal relationships and social cohesion. The study shows the Konyaks’ exceptional ability to adapt to modern problems while conserving their rich cultural legacy. The research uses Müt/Meth to show
how ethical and religious standards affect marital faithfulness and society. The community’s balance between contemporary advances and traditional beliefs shows how indigenous traditions may persist despite modernisation.

The postpartum period is a critical phase in a mother's life that is often overlooked in discussions about mental well-being. This research, conducted in the Lucknow District of Uttar Pradesh, India, aimed to understand the emotional spectrum experienced by women during this transformative period. The study involved 100 postpartum women within 5 to 6 months of childbirth, selected using purposive sampling to ensure diverse representation. Semi-structured interviews provided in-depth insights into their experiences, with data analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings reveal a broad spectrum of emotions experienced by new mothers, including joy, anxiety, and stress. Emotional intensity is notably high during the first three months postpartum due to hormonal fluctuations, physical recovery, and the adjustment to new caregiving responsibilities. By the sixth month, emotional stability generally improves as hormonal levels normalize, routines become more predictable, and support systems become more effective. The study underscores the need for culturally sensitive approaches that integrate traditional practices with modern postpartum care. Effective support networks and self-care practices are essential for enhancing maternal well-being. By fostering empathy, balancing traditional expectations with individual needs, and providing robust support, it is possible to improve outcomes for new mothers and their infants during this crucial period

Human migration involves individuals and families moving from one place to another. It can be categorised into internal migration (within a country) and external migration (between countries). Historically, women have migrated for marriage, while men have migrated for work and education. In India, marriage has been a major reason for female migration, but other factors like education and employment are becoming more important. More women are now migrating to India's major cities. This research aims to study the patterns, causes, and trends of female migration to India's megacities and their impact on development. The study uses secondary data from the Census, which shows that most migrants to cities come from disadvantaged states. It will examine factors like education, employment, and marriage that influence female migration. The study will also explore how female migration affects the development of megacities, including the challenges and opportunities it presents. The findings will contribute to a better understanding of female migration.

Traditional knowledge, technology and method all are ancestral gift to the present generation in rural societies in India. Traditional folk instruments are outcome of extensive long time experiment and time-tested tools. There are thousands of folk instruments invented by rural folk for their need and use in day-to-day life for survival. This instrument varies from one place to other due to environmental factor. Present paper discuss about RATA, one kind of folk instrument in Madhya Pradesh, India; use at the time of digging a new well. The study shows the method of making and operational aspects of RATA for pulling up the soil/ stones/ or rocky soil from deep surface to upper surface of the earth. This is very useful and eco-friendly tool in any part of rural Madhya Pradesh and its adjoining parts of India.

Denotified, nomadic and semi nomadic tribes (DNTs/NTs/SNTs) represent one of the most marginalised sections of the Indian society. However, during the process of reclassification, these communities were placed in social categories of Scheduled Tribes, Scheduled Castes or Backward Classes. Different states of India place them in different categories, including general category. Further within them, the NTs/SNTs are different from DNTs which are erstwhile criminal tribes. Sikligars are one such community identified as NT/SNT by the National Commission for the Denotified, Nomadic and Seminomadic Tribes. However, it has been included as SC or BC in different states including as SC in Punjab. Their marginalisation doubles because of this. Historically the community is known for the skill in weapon making, polishing of weapons during the reign Sikh gurus. The inconsistency in the categorisation has further led to the marginalisation and invisibility of the community. This paper underlines the critical need to acknowledge distinct historical identity, their traditional occupation and changes coming therein with time through a review of the existing specific literature and reports. The need is to acknowledge and readdressing their exclusion to ensure social justice and comprehensive development.

The tribal region of Central India contains a substantial number of plants, which serve as crucial sources of sugars, proteins, vitamins, minerals and enzymes with potential therapeutic and nutritional effects. Among these, the Mahua is of particular interest due to its extensive application in the daily life of tribal communities. It is one of the essential medicinal trees growing thoroughly in the tribal areas of Central India, especially
in the Bastar division of Chhattisgarh. This study is of utmost importance as it aims to uncover the folk medicinal aspect of Mahua in the lives of the tribal communities. Additionally, the paper seeks to understand the cultural and therapeutic significance of food derived from Mahua in tribal culture, particularly among the Gond and Halba. The study was conducted in Antagarh Tehsil of the Kanker district in Chhattisgarh, a comprehensive exploration of the Mahua’s role in tribal communities. The Kanker district of Bastar division is a tribal-dominated area with many tribal populations known for their unique culture and indigenous lifestyle.

The present study aimed to presents a comprehensive anthropological and demographic portrayal of the Oraon community residing in Mudidih village, Purulia district, West Bengal. Using a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative demographic data with ethnographic fieldwork, the research explores population structure, education, marriage patterns, fertility, mortality, and socio-economic conditions. CSPro v.6 & STATA 14 software was used for data entry and analyzes of the data respectively. The village, with 203 inhabitants, exhibits a sex ratio of 879 and a predominantly working-age population (72.9%). Nuclear families constitute 60.94% of households and 67.19% live in kachcha houses, reflecting limited infrastructural development. The per capita monthly expenditure (¹ 1,184.08) indicates a low-income economy. Educational disparities are prominent—34.38% of females lack formal education compared to 17.19% of males. Access to improved water (37.52%), sanitation (32.85%), and clean fuel (29.69%) remains inadequate. Marital practices follow tribal endogamy and village exogamy, with mean age at marriage was 17.91 years for females and 25.39 years for males. The fertility rate (1.97) and high child mortality (103 per 1,000 live births) reveal health and development challenges. The study underscores the intersection of cultural continuity and socio-economic marginalization within the Oraon community. It concludes that targeted interventions in education, healthcare, sanitation, and livelihood programs are crucial to improving living standards while preserving cultural identity. This anthropological demographic inquiry enriches understanding of how traditional tribal systems negotiate change within contemporary rural India.

Assam witnessed a great reformation during 15th century when the whole Assamese society was pervading through a darker phase that had marked its history. This reformation is known as the Neo-Vashnavite Movement pioneered by the famous Vaishnava saint Srimanta Sankardeva.It can be considered not only as a religious reformation but can rightly be affirmed as a great socio-cultural revolution in the history of Assam which plays an important role in creating a strong social cohesion among the Assamese community as a whole.Srimanta Sankardeva tried to unite the people of diverse cultures under the belief of one supreme God i.e,Lord Vishnu or Krishna.Along with Srimanta Sankardeva, his disciple Mahapurush Madhabdeva also played a leading role in establishing ‘Satra’ institutions (vaishnavite monasteries) to fulfill the socio-cultural and the psychological needs of the people. Barpeta is known as Satra nagori (monastery town) as it is embedded with Satras. The cultural heritage of Barpeta district is very rich with its varieties of art forms like Bargeet, Ankiya Naat, Satriya dances,Gayan Bayan, Holi-Geet which are the by products of Vaishnava movement in Assam. This paper aims to focus on performing arts of Barpeta Satras as it enhances the cultural heritage of the Assamese people in a unique way. The methods used for the study include anthropological methods like observation and interview methods along with the use of secondary data.

This study investigates the socio-demographic, health, and behavioural factors associated with reassurance-seeking behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on girls aged 18-35, primarily undergraduates, post-graduates, and Ph.D. candidates. Using the Corona Reassurance-Seeking Behaviour Scale (CRSBS), data from 500 girl students from University and colleges of Lucknow were analyzed through purposive
sampling in a cross-sectional study. The research explores how socio-economic status, educational attainment, and mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety influence CRBS prevalence. Results indicate higher CRBS scores among participants from lower socio-economic backgrounds, highlighting significant links between mental health issues and CRBS responses. While most socio-demographic variables did not significantly impact CRBS status, family type suggested trends in social support dynamics. The prevalence of reassurance-seeking behaviour underscores the high levels of pandemicinduced anxiety. This study emphasizes the need for targeted mental health interventions and a comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between socio-demographic factors and health behaviours during crises. It concludes with recommendations for educational institutions to enhance mental health support systems, including counselling services, mental health workshops, and robust support networks, to better manage the ongoing effects of the pandemic on the psychological well-being of students pursuing higher education.

The Encyclopaedia Britannica explains ‘tribe’ in context with anthropology as a notional form of human social organisation based on a set of smaller groups (called bands), having a temporary or permanent political integration, and defined by traditions of common descent, language, culture and ideology. Hence, a tribe is a group of people who live and work together in a shared geographical area. There are various tribal groups spread over the globe. India is also home to several tribes. One of the tribes is Gadia Lohar (or Gaddi-Lohar). These are nomads who travel from place to place for their livelihood. The present study was undertaken to study the traditional costumes as well as changes in lifestyle of Gaddi Lohars that reside in the state of Punjab. The study revealed that the tribal people are discarding their age-old dresses and ornaments and adopting the local mainstream dress patterns, and they are slowly changing to the modern outfits. The study clearly concludes that there are major perceivable social-cultural changes which brought unforeseen, unavoidable cultural imbalance to the material culture and traditions of Gaddi Lohars, which has led to a cultural crisis in their community. The study focused on the need to protect and strengthen the basic aspects of tribal culture in the event of a fast-changing cultural scenario. The nature of change is such that many tribes are losing their identity and their traditional cultural heritage. This is a situation that could lead to a complete change in traditional attire and Aboriginal lifestyle.