MAKE MOST OF THE KNOWLEDGE NETWORK, JOIN ACADEMIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION

Credit is one of the most important requirements for investment and emergency expenditure in rural India. Due to rationing of formal credit, some households in rural India borrow from both (formal and informal) sources of credit. Hoff & Stiglize have explained that marginal cost of credit to a borrower who is accessing loan from multiple sources is higher than the borrower who is accessing loan from a single source in informal credit market due to enforcement problem. This study empirically verified the access to multiple sources of credit and its impact on informal interest rate. It has used 70th, 59th and 48th round of NSS data on all India debt and investment survey to verify the objective. By using maximum likelihood estimate of general linear model it has observed that, those who are accessing credit from multiple sources are paying higher interest than those who are accessing credit from a single source. The reason based on the conclusion is that, multiple source borrowers less tied up with the informal lenders and consequently they have lack of credit history with those lenders. Therefore the informal lenders enforce high cost of repayment to multipule sourcess of borrower as compare to their regular borrowers. Therefore the marginal cost of borrowing is higher for the borrowers having access to multipule sources of credit than the borrowers having single source of credit.

Keyword: Informal Interest rate, multiple source of credit, Formal Informal credit linkage, Rural India

The present study estimates the magnitude of workers in India up to March 2020. An attempt has been made to provide total number of man-hour and gross earnings losses during perfect lockdowne.g., 25th March 2020 to 14thApril2020all over India. The studyassessed that about 47 billion man hour losses for actual work force and 12 million man hour losses for additional workers were witnessed at all India level during perfect lockdown. The study further calculated that gross earning losses for self-employed and casual workers were about Rs. 1917.45 billion and Rs. 576.59 billion respectively duringthis period. It is imperative to monitor the magnitude of losses for lockdown in the past and their implications for Indian economy and its workersat all India level.Thepresent study is based on secondary sources of data, which has been collected from the Ministry of Statistics and Programming Implementation, office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, and Labour Bureau.

Keywords: COVID-19, lockdown, workforce, man-hour losses, gross earning losses

Crop insurance serves as a strategy to minimize risk in agriculture in the areas where there is high prevalence of risk due to weather events . In this background the present research on Factors influencing the participation of nonloanee insured farmers under PMFBY in telangana state undertaken to study the different factors that affect the farmers decision to participate in crop insurance programme in telangana state. For the study 2 districts are selected purposively based on highest number of farmers covered under PMFBY in the state and districts and villages are randomly selected. The data obtained is analysed through logit regression model. The factors like production risk, contact with extension agencies, positive feedback from the experienced farmers and social group participation and income of farmers found to be significant v ariables which are affecting farmers participation.

Keywords: Crop Insurance, PMFBY, Nonloanee insured farmers, Factors influencing participation.

The objective of this paper is to the impact of GST on micro, small, medium enterprises in Tamil Nadu. After the implementation of GST in Tamil Nadu, this sector has been seriously affected in various ways. One is the number of small scale units shut down 50000 units and 5.20 lakh employees became jobless during the past two years. The MSMEs sector is investment has been reduced to Rs. 10,849 crore during 2016-17 and 2017-18. This paper is divided into five sections. First section deals with the introduction, the second section is a review of the literature and the third is discuss the importance of GST on MSMEs Development. The fourth section is deals about GST in Tamil Nadu and Impact of GST on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Tamil Nadu and lastly is conclusions.

With the initiation of globalization, developing countries, particularly those in Asia, are witnessing an immense surge of FDI inflows during the past two decades. Although India has been a latecomer to the FDI scene as compared to the other East Asian countries, its considerable market potential and a liberalized policy regime has sustained its attraction as a favorable destination for foreign investors. This study aims to look at the impact of FDI on the Indian economy, particularly after 20 years of economic reforms, and analyzes the challenges to position itself favorably in the global competition of FDI.

Keywords: Economics, eco, Indianeconomy, FDI. India, investemen, globalization, economicsreforms

Considering the global economic system, in complement to traditional banking which is established on interest, Islamic Banking is on the verge of emergence. Islamic Finance or Banking is governed by Islamic Laws called as Sharia. There is a big potential for Islamic Banking system to emerge in the markets of Mumbai as it is Metropolitan city with highest number of Muslim population.1 The objective of this study is to understand the amount of awareness and attitude among the residents of Mumbai about Islamic Banking. The sample of 223 respondents, both Muslim and Non-Muslim, is taken and surveyed based on a questionnaire designed with specific set of statements or questions in relation to the level of awareness and attitude with regard to Islamic Banking. It is observed that the Muslims have better awareness about the fundamental terms and culture of Islamic Banking than it is among Non-Muslims. Also there are many differences in the behaviour of respondents to opening of Islamic bank accounts in Mumbai. There are many opportunities and challenges for Islamic Banking in Mumbai. The collected data is analysed by using appropriate statistical tools and sample tests. Further, this study also covers the identification of SWOT analysis and Porter’s Five Force Model if Islamic Banking is introduced.

Keywords: Islamic Banking, Awareness, Attitude, Muslim, Non-Muslim, Shar

Coins have played a crucial role in every economy. So close is their relationship that almost every economy has introduced at least one new denomination of coin to add it to its original set. This raises the question, when does an economy introduce a new denomination of coin? To answer the question, this paper studies a diverse set of 10 different economies over the period 1975-2019. It infers that sticky inflation compels an economy to introduce a new denomination; a low denominated but high velocity banknote is coined as financial prudence and durability make the coin a better alternative to fund routine transactions at the bottom of the pyramid. Even when coins are absent in the economy, had coins existed, sticky inflation would have forced conversion of lower banknote denomination to a coin.

Keywords: Coins; Inflation; Banknotes; CentralBank; Economy; Keynes; Fischer; Money; Demand

This paper analyses the incidence of poverty in households with dependent elderly and children and the sensitivity of household poverty to age and size composition in the household with and without adjustments for household economies of scale and equivalence scales in rural and urban areas of India. Using the 2011-12 NSSO 68th round data on monthly per capita consumption expenditure of households, the logistic regression method is applied in the estimation of household poverty. The empirical results show that poverty rates vary with the age and size composition of households. With adjustments in consumption expenditure for size and composition, the probability of households being poor reduces significantly. The vulnerability of households being poor is high in rural areas than in urban areas. In rural India, elders living alone or with other elders are the most deprived relative to the elders staying with non-elders. The chances of being in poverty are greater when households depend on casual labour in agriculture. With more dependent children, households are more susceptible to poverty. Education is an important predictor of poverty of households with children and the elderly. Along with social security and employment, providing education should be the top priority to prevent vulnerability to poverty of households with dependent elderly and children.

Keywords: Household poverty, elderly, children, equivalence scale, economies of scale, logistic regression